Grand Challenges are bold, socially beneficial goals that address a systemic and embedded problem through collaboration and joint leadership. The framework for Grand Challenges is built upon the research of Dr. Christina D. Economos and others, in determining the key elements needed to change the behavior of a large population for the good. Social change studied in this research includes movements such as recycling, breastfeeding, and the use of seatbelts.

The Collective Impact model is often used in Grand Challenges. This methodology brings together different individuals and groups around a shared goal and a common agenda. Problems are addressed and solved through collaboration and a systems approach.